★ The Koch intelligence agency - POLITICO

Remember when billionaires used to give back to society by building parks and libraries and stuff? Good times.

While the Republican Party focuses on winning elections, the Kochs want to realign American politics, government and society around free enterprise philosophies that they hope to spread more broadly.

A key to accomplishing the mission, from the Kochs' perspective, is countering super PACs and other big-money groups funded by rich liberals, as well as allied public sector unions and academic and media elites. The Kochs’ allies feel that those forces have worked together for decades with Democratic politicians and government bureaucrats to institutionalize the philosophy that heavy regulation and taxation of business is the only way to ensure an equitable society.

The Kochs concluded that defeating this well-funded left-wing infrastructure requires tracking the professional left in real time – a capability they realized they lacked after the 2012 election.

Source: The Koch intelligence agency - POLITICO

The Politics of Navigation podcast now available

The audio of the talk I did for the 2015 IA Summit is now available on the IA Summit Library.

Listening back to the talk was not nearly as cringe-inducing as I had feared. I'm actually really happy with how the presentation turned out, and with the warm reception it received both at the Summit and at the IA / UX meetup here in Seattle a couple months ago.

Taxonomy First

Great article by Seth Earley that lays out why taxonomy is fundamental to helping businesses come to grips with the complexity of the modern technological and social environment. Basically, his argument is that taxonomies can define the core elements of the business and give everyone a common language to work from, whereas defining data structures before defining taxonomy can fail to address the underlying structure of a business. Taxonomy gives businesses “conceptual building blocks" to develop adaptable and sustainable systems and processes.

The Unexpected Virtue of Metadata

It's really hard to get people to understand why it's worth investing in metadata and taxonomy projects. The benefits aren't immediate and the reasons can seem esoteric. It's only after the work is done that the usefulness of metadata starts to become clear.

Proof of this comes in this interview with a colleague of mine at REI. This is a quote I’m going to pull out at every metadata and taxonomy meeting from now on:

“[Collecting metadata] turned out to be really smart. We didn't realize the repercussions of it when we did it. But the structured way we captured the meta-data and user-generated content (UGC) laid the groundwork for how we use that content." (My emphasis.)

I had nothing to do with the decision to collect metadata in this instance, but I've seen firsthand the powerful unintended benefits of having robust structured content. Perhaps one way to convince others ahead of time that they should invest in proper content markup is to collect more testimonials and stories like these. If you know of any others, let me know in the comments.

The TSA really doesn't like it when you take your Nobel Prize in your carry on

This may be my favorite dialogue ever:

Brian Schmidt won the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on dark energy, and then he took the prize to Fargo to show off to his grandmother. As recounted to Clara Moskowitz at Scientific American the airport security people were a little put off by the way the giant piece of gold sucks up all the x-rays:

"They’re like, ‘Sir, there’s something in your bag.’

I said, ‘Yes, I think it’s this box.’

They said, ‘What’s in the box?’

I said, ‘a large gold medal,’ as one does.

So they opened it up and they said, ‘What’s it made out of?’

I said, ‘gold.’

And they’re like, ‘Uhhhh. Who gave this to you?’

‘The King of Sweden.’

‘Why did he give this to you?’

‘Because I helped discover the expansion rate of the universe was accelerating.’

TextExpander Abbreviations

I spent some time following Zach Holmquist's lead this morning:

That was all I needed to have the lightbulb go off, and to motivate me to finally cleanup my TextExpander Snippets. No more ;; or ,, confusion. All I had to do was simply split groups of snippets into period separated by objects and functions.

Having a system makes easy work of repetitive tasks, and having a taxonomy makes large amounts of information easier to work with. Setting up systems and taxonomies can be daunting, especially because good organization schemes often don't reveal themselves until a certain critical mass of objects have been developed, at which point it often feels easier to just go with the ad hoc taxonomy that you started with. But it's worth spending some time to get your system in order. The productivity pay-off can be huge.

A unicycle for the mind

I go back and forth on the Apple Watch, but my first reaction was "I don't get it." Why would I pay $350 for something that doesn't do anything significantly different from my iPhone? Especially when I don't wear watches anymore? Why am I not excited about this? Do I just not get it?

This perspective helps clarify my thoughts: Where Steve Jobs called computers a bicycle for the mind, Jorge Arango calls the new Apple Watch a unicycle.

Unicycles share a few features with bikes, so you’d be forgiven for thinking they are similar. They are both human-powered and use similar components—wheels, pedals, saddles, etc. However, they serve very different purposes. Bicycles amplify human energy to allow the rider to travel farther and faster. Unicycles, on the other hand, are not transportation. They are entertainment. We stare in bemusement at unicyclists not because of the distance they cover and the speed they sustain, but because they can remain upright in a tottering one-wheeled metal pole with a seat on top. (Sometimes while juggling knifes!)

Read the rest. It's pretty bang on.

Oh, and FWIW, I think Apple Pay is probably the most underrated announcement from Apple last week. That's the thing that has potential to drive significant changes in behavior. If I had to bet, I'd say Pay will outlast and outperform Watch.

Where new ideas take root - FT.com

(via Bob DuCharme on the Taxocop mailing list; free registration required to read the article on FT.com.)

When you're on the inside of any system, it's hard to see things from other perspectives. But companies and organizations are starting to realize the benefit of making the effort to organize around how customers think of the information domain.

But a couple of years ago Mike Mack, Syngenta’s CEO, took the bold decision to switch tack. He realised that while the previous organisational map made perfect sense to scientists, Syngenta’s customers – ie farmers – looked at the world with a different lens. Most notably, they did not usually wander into an agribusiness store and say: “I need fungicide.” Instead they just said: “I want to grow better rice.”

So Mack reorganised the entire company into eight divisions defined by crops, not chemistry. Thus if you walk around the greenhouses, labs and offices near Windsor today as I recently did you will see chirpy labels saying “rice” – not “fungicide”.

What would it mean to flip the taxonomy at your business? Internally or externally? If we did that where I work, I suspect we'd streamline a lot of processes that we usually struggle with.

UPDATE 9-13-14: Bill Schrier says pretty much the same thing about governments: People Live Horizontally but Government Organizes in Silos

A browser extension for color-blind users

Daltonize.org: Daltonize in Google Chrome

I was musing that there must be a browser extension for people who are color blind that would render a page in black & white. (As you do.) I found this one, which looks pretty cool. There must be others...

Presenting Chrome Daltonize! as one step towards solving the issue of color-accessibility on the Internet – a Google Chrome extension enabling users to daltonize the image content of websites.  Daltonization is a technique of exposing details to color-blind users, enabling them see what they otherwise would have missed.

Selling Information Architecture

Smart stuff from Abby Covert:

In my opinion, IA is not something that needs to be sold. IA is already inherent to whatever someone is working on or has in place. If you are making something, you will be tackling the IA within and around it. With or without me you will “do IA.”

I guess in sales speak we could say “IA is included for free in all projects” — because a system without an information architecture does not exist. Rather than selling information architecture, I find that I do have to “explain” what it is and why it matters so that it can be worked on and improved upon (not ignored or inherited which is all too often the case)

Whether you're interested in "selling" IA or not, the fact is you'll probably have to explain what you do to others. Probably multiple times. Per day. You could do worse than have a few of Abby's scripts memorized.

★ Instill Confidence

From Gaping Void's recent email: Instill Confidence.

"I reflected that I had as yet done but little, very little, indeed, to further the happiness of the human race, or to advance the information of the succeeding generation..." That's Meriweather Lewis writing in his journal. It was his 31st birthday and he was in the middle of leading the Corps of Discovery across America on a mission of exploration and scientific discovery. Meriweather Lewis. Of Lewis and Clark. Not feeling terribly confident about his accomplishments.

Tom Brady is the loneliest quarterback on the planet

We're all dorks, aren't we? We'll all find ourselves in some circumstance where coolness escapes us. If it can happen to Tom Brady...

★ Self-published books nearly a third of Amazon Kindle sales

Wow.

According to research done by AuthorEarnings.com, self-published books account for 31 percent of Kindle electronic book sales, compared with 38 percent for the "big 5" publishing houses, and added that self-published authors earn more in Kindle royalties than Big 5 authors, combined. And self-published authors are now earning nearly 40 percent of all e-book royalties on the Amazon.com Kindle store, according to research by AuthorEarnings.

via Self-published books nearly a third of Amazon Kindle sales - Puget Sound Business Journal.

What Screens Want

I've had this piece open in a Safari tab for months and I regret that I've taken so long to read it. Adapted by Frank Chimero from the talk he gave at the Build conference in November, 2013, What Screens Want is an outstanding essay, both visually and conceptually. Ostensibly about responsive design and web and interaction design generally, the piece ends up getting at the heart of what this design is all about: making technology work better for humans. It's about how we're current trapped by a vision of the web that's about commerce and transactions and not at all about making the world a better place.

We used to have a map of a frontier that could be anything. The web isn’t young anymore, though. It’s settled. It’s been prospected and picked through. Increasingly, it feels like we decided to pave the wilderness, turn it into a suburb, and build a mall. And I hate this map of the web, because it only describes a fraction of what it is and what’s possible. We’ve taken an opportunity for connection and distorted it to commodify attention. That’s one of the sleaziest things you can do.

If you care about creating a better internet, take the time to read What Screens Want. It's well worth it.

★ Using MarsEdit with the WordPress Google Authenticator plugin

File this under Hashtag Facepalm.

I fired up MarsEdit this morning to type up a couple of posts for this blog and found that my password kept getting rejected. It took me a while to realize that the Google Authenticator plugin that I had added to make my logins more secure was (properly!) keeping MarsEdit from connecting. The fix was easy once I figured it out. Here's how you do it:

Auto-generated description: A checkbox option for enabling an App password is selected, with a text box displaying a masked password and a button labeled Create new password beside it. Log in to your blog and go to your user profile. Scroll down just a bit to Google Authenticator settings. Make sure that "Enable app password" is checked, and then click "Create new password". Copy the password and then click the "Update Profile" button at the bottom of the page. (I missed this step the first time I tried and MarsEdit wouldn't connect.)

Then, in MarsEdit, right-click on your blog and select "Enter password..." from the contextual menu. Enter your regular username and the app password that you just generated. Voila! You can now access your blog securely.

★ Options for sharing public links from Dropbox on OS X

While I was searching for how to fix my missing Dropbox contextual menus yesterday, I came across these handy links:

Auto-generated description: A stylized blue open box contains a red droplet icon in the center.If you're a Path Finder 6 user, Thanh Pham has figured out how to make an Automator service that will let you share a public Dropbox link from Path Finder's contextual menu. More often than not, I find that I need to share files that aren't in my Public folder already, so I don't know how much I'll use this, but it's handy to have a bit of Dropbox integration in Path Finder nevertheless.

 

Auto-generated description: A stylized blue open box contains a red droplet icon in the center. Bloodrop is a Dropbox droplet that I might find slightly more useful. Simply add the droplet to your dock and then drag any files you want to share on top of it. Bloodrop will copy those files to your Dropbox public folder and place links to those files in your clipboard. Easy peasy.

★ How to restore contextual menus in Dropbox

Auto-generated description: The image features the Dropbox logo, consisting of an open blue box and the company name written in black.I discovered yesterday that my Dropbox contextual menus had disappeared. I have no idea when it happened. It might have been when I installed Mavericks... that's how little I use that feature. But when I need it, it's damned useful.

It took me about an hour of poking around the Dropbox forums (which were no help, ultimately) and trying various queries in DuckDuckGo to figure out how to get the menu options back. Hopefully this post will save others a bit of troubleshooting time.

I should have figured that Rui Carmo would have the answer. Here's what he said:

If you lose Finder icon overlays and context menus, quit Dropbox and do this:

sudo rm -rf /Library/DropboxHelperTools
killall Finder

…and restart Dropbox. It should ask for an administrator password to reinstall the Finder plugin, and all should be well.

Bingo. That worked! And (weirdly) it restored my ability to get proper public file links so I could finally find my Dropbox user ID.

Sheesh.

Overthinking Simplicity

Via Marco Arment, I found this post by Lukas Mathis about his experience switching from an iPad to a Windows Surface tablet. The main reason he gives for switching is that the simplicity of ithe Pad makes it hard for him to do productivity work, er, productively.

"Apple has decided to make the iPad as simple as possible, but sometimes, this simplicity comes at the expense of power. Not having any kind of window management or split-screen view makes the iPad much easier to use, but it also means you can’t look at an email and at a Pages document at the same time. Preventing apps from interacting with each other cuts down on complexity, but it also means that it is difficult or sometimes even impossible to use multiple apps in conjunction on the same task. Not having any kind of system-level concept of a file or a document means that people are less likely to lose track of their files or documents, but it also means that you are often very limited in what you can do with the things you create in an iPad app."

Simplicity is a tricky thing to grapple with. What kind of simplicity are we talking about here? Simplicity in visual design? In a solution? Of a process? The iPad simplifies much of the cognitive overhead required to use a computing device. It simplifies app installation and upgrades, peripheral management (in that you don't need peripherals to use the iPad), battery management, connectivity, portability, app management, file storage, and lots of other aspects of computing. In doing so, it simultaneously makes some aspects of computing more complex.

As Mathis points out, for some computing tasks where having access to two apps at the same time increases productivity, the iPad offers a less than ideal experience. If you need to do these kinds of tasks frequently, the iPad has not simplified them for you. In fact, it has made these kinds of tasks more complex, not less.

Mathis's argument put me in mind of the trade offs I wrestle with when designing taxonomies and navigation. When designing navigation labels, shorter words and phrases are better, right? Well, not if they make it harder to understand the thing being labeled. Fewer choices in a navigation menu are better, right? Not if the things your customers are looking for are left out. A global header with two or three choices is simpler than one with 15, right? Not if you've made the customer click to find something they could have found previously at a glance, or if they never click because they simply assume you don't have what they're looking for.

These trade offs often take the guise of aesthetic simplicity versus functional simplicity. These are not equivalent, though they are frequently conflated. Aesthetic simplicity removes buttons, decoration, text, and anything else that's visually superfluous. Functional simplicity removes steps in a process or cognitive overhead (the need to think intently about your interaction or experience). Both types of simplicity are desirable, but I believe that functional simplicity ultimately wins over more users than aesthetic simplicity.

But the dimensions are a bit more complex than this simple dichotomy. Functional simplicity exists on a spectrum. What's simple to me may not be simple to you. This is somewhat analogous to the way experts tend to use more precise terms than laymen. It's simpler for horticulturists to communicate using correct Latin plant designations, for instance, than to try to struggle through the ambiguity using common names.

For Mathis, the iPad isn't functionally simple. From his perspective, the Windows Surface — by allowing the use of two apps at once — is simpler than the iPad for his most important or frequent tasks. For me, the additional complexity of the Surface overall isn't worth trading my iPad to get a simpler experience for this particular use case.

To each his own. Simplicity is in the eye of the beholder, and it's great that we have a choice of devices -- and terminology -- to meet our individual needs.

How Search Amplifies Enterprise Collaboration

There's so much good stuff in this post by Christian Buckley. It's about enterprise collaboration, but his points apply to issues of findability generally. The central idea that sticks out to me: context is key to findability, and social interactions are great sources of contextual cues. As Buckley points out, though, context is mostly missing from modern search and navigation.

I also love this comment from Steven Flinn summing up the different modes of finding:

  1. Follow — when you are aware of sources of generally relevant information
  2. Search — when you are aware that you have a need for some information now, but don’t know where it is
  3. Discovery (i.e., recommendations) — when you have a need for some information now, but are not even aware you need it and/or that it exists.

★ Link: Create In-A-Pinch Pinhole Reading Glasses with Your Fingers

Amazing. This actually works: use your own fingers (or someone else's, I guess) as temporary reading glasses.